Household Budget Survey 2004/2005
Zanzibar,Tanzania, 2004 - 2005
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Reference ID
TZA-2004-HBS-v01-M
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The Office of Chief Government Statistician
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Nov 16, 2023
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Dec 09, 2023
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Identification
Survey ID Number
TZA-2004-HBS-v01-M
Title
Household Budget Survey 2004/2005
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Zanzibar,Tanzania | TZA |
Study type
Income/Expenditure/Household Survey [hh/ies]
Series Information
The 2004/05 Household Budget Survey (HBS) is the third post revolutionary surveys, previously conducted around1981/82 (HBS) and 1991/92 (HBS).
Abstract
KEY FINDINGS
Demographic Characteristics
Average household size has declined from 6.2 members in 1991 to the current level of 5.5 members. It is higher in urban areas (5.9 members) compared to rural areas (5.3 members); and ranges from a low of 4.7 members in Kusini district to the highest of 6.1 members in Chake - Chake district. Only one fifth (21.4 percent) of all households are female headed. There are no great variations between rural and urban areas or among districts; except for Kusini district which has 31.8 percent female headed households.This is possibly motivated by its high rate of divorces.
Education
About a quarter of adult in Zanzibar were reported to have no education. Almost 76 percent of adults can read and write in at least one language. This is more frequently the case in urban than in rural areas. The lowest level of literacy is reported in Micheweni district (45.8 percent). A third of heads of households were reported to have no education. The differentials between the sexes are quite significant. More than a half of female heads of households have no education compared to 27 percent male heads of households.The basic education net enrolment ratio (NER) for the pupils aged seven to sixteen was 78.4 percent. It is higher in urban areas, standing at 87.1 percent compared to 73.2 percent in rural areas. There is no significant difference between the sexes. The NER for basic education is more than 90 percentin Kusini district, but stands at only55 percent in Micheweni district. In primary education similar features are observed as in basic education - namely overall moderately high enrolment ratios; a bias in enrolment at urban centres compared to rural areas; similar levels of enrolment between sexes; but with high disparities between districts – Kusini and Mjini being the privileged districts while Kaskazini “A” and Micheweni remain the disadvantaged districts. The mean distance to primary school is one kilometre and it is about two kilometres (1.8 km) to secondary school. Two-thirds of pupils in rural areas and nine-tenth of the pupils in urban areas are within two kilometres of a primary school. Secondary schools are relatively sparsely located. Four in every 10 households are at distance of 2 or more kilometres.
Health
About one-fifth (19 percent) of the population suffered at least one kind of illness in a period of four weeks preceding the survey; with variations of 23 percent for the rural population as compared to13 percent in urban areas. Among districts, the highest rate of illness was observed in Kaskazini “A”. Children under five years and older adults, as would be expected, were reported to have the highest illness rates of 27.2 and 36.3 percent, respectively. xvi Household Budget Survey – Final Report For people who were sick, malaria was the most commonly reported complaint, affecting more than 70 percent of children under age 15 and more than 60 percent of adults who had been sick. There is a high incidence through all ages; and, for those who have been sick, it is more common in urban areas. More than four-fifth of individuals who were sick were reported to have consulted a health care provider; mostly through primary health care (PHC) units.16 percent consulted private hospital/clinics; urban were more(31 percent) compared to rural (11percent) The distribution of health-service locations suggests that about seventy percent of all households (50 percent in rural and more than 90 percent in urban) were located
at a distance of less than 2 kilometres from their health centre.
Economic Activity
Agriculture (mainly farming and livestock keeping) was observed to be the main activity, employing a quarter of the total labour force. As expected, more of the rural labour force (39 percent) is engaged in agriculture and more of the urban labourforce (15 percent) is found in other forms of self employment. With respect to districts there is great variation: in Micheweni, Kaskazini “A”, and Mkoani one half
of their respective labour force is engaged in agriculture, while 13 percent of the labour force at Mjini have self employment in various industries. Only one in ten of the currently active labour force is an employee – employed either by the government, public enterprise, non-government organizations or faith-based organizations. Children aged 5-14 years comprise 28 percent of the population. Only 6 percent of them were reported as not attending school. Some 46 percent of this population segment was engaged in schooling only; while the rest was engaged in both schooling and work. On district differentials ,children in Micheweni, participate more in economic activities. Only 15 percent children in Micheweni are focusing on studying only compared to 65 percent of children at Mjini district.
Housing Characteristics
There have been improvements in the materials used in dwelling construction; urban households have the highest proportion of their dwelling constructed with modern material. Micheweni district is leading in terms of houses constructed using natural/traditional materials. More than 84 percent of households own their dwellings; there were no substantial changes in the percentage of households living in owner occupied dwellings during the past 13 years. More households in urban areas are connected to the electricity grid than in rural areas. Paraffin is the more commonly used by households for lighting in rural than in urban areas; use of firewood for cooking is also higher in rural areas. More than 60 percent of the households in Zanzibar report using a toilet; urban households reported higher percentage of using toilet compared to rural households. Micheweni district has the highest percentage of households with no toilet.
Key Findings xvii
Over 80 percent of households have access to piped water or depend on protected sources; urban households have more access to water from piped systems as compared to rural areas. About 78 percent of the households travel less than one kilometre to fetch water; some 22 percent must travel further. Consumer Goods, Productive Assets and Households Productive Activities Ownership of consumer goods is higher in urban than in rural areas, while ownership of agricultural productive assets is higher in rural areas. 84 percent of households in Zanzibar own houses; higher proportion in rural areas (90.4 percent) than urban. Around 85 percent of rural households own hoes and other farming tools. About 60 percent of rural households reported owning a land for agriculture or grazing. On average, household own two acres; rural households own slightly more (1.9 acres) than urban ones (1.7 acres). Although work in agriculture is the largest single economic activity, wage labour is the most important source of cash income and one third of the households reported running a business. There is very limited uptake of banking or other saving facilities, particularly in rural areas. Even participation in informal saving groups is rare amongst rural household. The use of banking and saving needs mobilization and facilitation.
Household Consumption and Expenditure
The average (mean) household monthly expenditure has been estimated at TShs 117,151, with a median expenditure of TShs 95,320. The median is the expenditure value below which half of all the households fall. There are significant variations between urban and rural expenditures. It is estimated that urban household spent 1.7 times as much as their rural counterparts. Average expenditure levels are highest in the most urbanized districts of Mjini and Magharibi in Unguja Island. On the other hand, the lowest average consumption expenditures are found in Micheweni District.The proportion of all expenditure that goes on food is estimated at 58 percent. This compares with about 75 percent observed in the HBS of 1991/92. There hastherefore been a significant shift in the consumption patterns over the past 13 years.
Income Poverty and Inequality
The HBS consumption data was used to derive poverty lines for Zanzibar. Two poverty lines have been computed: a food poverty line and a basic needs poverty line. The food poverty line, which represents the amount of money needed to sustain an adult for a month, is TShs 12,573. This means that on average, an adult in Zanzibar needs almost TShs 450 per day to get food that would provide the 2,200
calories needed per day for his/her body. Adding non-food consumption for items such as clothing, housing, transportation, etc gives a ‘basic needs’ poverty line ofTShs 20,185 per month. Overall, 13 percent of people in Zanzibar live below the food poverty line and about 49 percent of the population cannot meet their daily basic needs. Poverty is more xviii Household Budget Survey – Final Report prevalent in rural areas than in urban areas and is highest in the districts of Wete and Micheweni.
Poverty Profile
The analysis compared very poor, poor and non-poor households to develop a poverty profile. It showed that poverty is apparent among households of all sizes, but larger households are more likely to be poor. Households with heads employed in agricultural activities (namely farming, livestock keeping, and fishing) are also more likely to be poor. The higher the level of education attained by the head of household the lower the risk of poverty; the prevalence of poverty is reduced by about one half for those with above basic education compared to those with no education. A higher poverty risk is observed in rural areas compared to urban centres in all education categories . The proportion of children in school is lower among poorer households, with 71 percent of children aged 7-16 years from the poorest households studying compared to around 87 percent from non poor households. 'Very poor’ individuals were slightly less likely to consult any medical practitioner (80.8 percent) compared to non poor individuals, with about 84.5 percent. About three quarter of the all households rely on piped water as their main source of water supply; there is a significant different between very and non poor households, with 78 percent of no-poor households having a piped water supply compared to 57 percent of the very poor . Less than one half of the ‘very poor’ households have toilet facilities compared to about four-fifths of the non poor households. The distance to key services and facilities does not differ much between poor and non-poor households, however.
Household Income
The HBS collected information on the income of household members over the previous year. It suggested that, surprisingly, only 20 percent of the income of rural households comes from own-farm agriculture, while non-farm self-employment contributes 31 percent. In urban areas, the main sources of income, in terms of share contributed to the total, are cash employment (40 percent), self-employment (26percent) and the value of owner-occupied housing (‘imputed rent’, at 14 percent). Mjini and Magharibi districts have the highest mean per capita incomes and Micheweni district has the lowest income levels.The levels of income earned rise steadily with increasing education in both rural and urban areas. However, income levels are higher for urban earners compared to their rural counterparts with the same education level.The highest per earner incomes are found in Mjini and Magharibi districts, while the lowest are found in Kaskazini ‘A’ and Kusini districts.There is significant difference of income earners by gender; males earn about three times more income than females in both urban and rural areas.
Demographic Characteristics
Average household size has declined from 6.2 members in 1991 to the current level of 5.5 members. It is higher in urban areas (5.9 members) compared to rural areas (5.3 members); and ranges from a low of 4.7 members in Kusini district to the highest of 6.1 members in Chake - Chake district. Only one fifth (21.4 percent) of all households are female headed. There are no great variations between rural and urban areas or among districts; except for Kusini district which has 31.8 percent female headed households.This is possibly motivated by its high rate of divorces.
Education
About a quarter of adult in Zanzibar were reported to have no education. Almost 76 percent of adults can read and write in at least one language. This is more frequently the case in urban than in rural areas. The lowest level of literacy is reported in Micheweni district (45.8 percent). A third of heads of households were reported to have no education. The differentials between the sexes are quite significant. More than a half of female heads of households have no education compared to 27 percent male heads of households.The basic education net enrolment ratio (NER) for the pupils aged seven to sixteen was 78.4 percent. It is higher in urban areas, standing at 87.1 percent compared to 73.2 percent in rural areas. There is no significant difference between the sexes. The NER for basic education is more than 90 percentin Kusini district, but stands at only55 percent in Micheweni district. In primary education similar features are observed as in basic education - namely overall moderately high enrolment ratios; a bias in enrolment at urban centres compared to rural areas; similar levels of enrolment between sexes; but with high disparities between districts – Kusini and Mjini being the privileged districts while Kaskazini “A” and Micheweni remain the disadvantaged districts. The mean distance to primary school is one kilometre and it is about two kilometres (1.8 km) to secondary school. Two-thirds of pupils in rural areas and nine-tenth of the pupils in urban areas are within two kilometres of a primary school. Secondary schools are relatively sparsely located. Four in every 10 households are at distance of 2 or more kilometres.
Health
About one-fifth (19 percent) of the population suffered at least one kind of illness in a period of four weeks preceding the survey; with variations of 23 percent for the rural population as compared to13 percent in urban areas. Among districts, the highest rate of illness was observed in Kaskazini “A”. Children under five years and older adults, as would be expected, were reported to have the highest illness rates of 27.2 and 36.3 percent, respectively. xvi Household Budget Survey – Final Report For people who were sick, malaria was the most commonly reported complaint, affecting more than 70 percent of children under age 15 and more than 60 percent of adults who had been sick. There is a high incidence through all ages; and, for those who have been sick, it is more common in urban areas. More than four-fifth of individuals who were sick were reported to have consulted a health care provider; mostly through primary health care (PHC) units.16 percent consulted private hospital/clinics; urban were more(31 percent) compared to rural (11percent) The distribution of health-service locations suggests that about seventy percent of all households (50 percent in rural and more than 90 percent in urban) were located
at a distance of less than 2 kilometres from their health centre.
Economic Activity
Agriculture (mainly farming and livestock keeping) was observed to be the main activity, employing a quarter of the total labour force. As expected, more of the rural labour force (39 percent) is engaged in agriculture and more of the urban labourforce (15 percent) is found in other forms of self employment. With respect to districts there is great variation: in Micheweni, Kaskazini “A”, and Mkoani one half
of their respective labour force is engaged in agriculture, while 13 percent of the labour force at Mjini have self employment in various industries. Only one in ten of the currently active labour force is an employee – employed either by the government, public enterprise, non-government organizations or faith-based organizations. Children aged 5-14 years comprise 28 percent of the population. Only 6 percent of them were reported as not attending school. Some 46 percent of this population segment was engaged in schooling only; while the rest was engaged in both schooling and work. On district differentials ,children in Micheweni, participate more in economic activities. Only 15 percent children in Micheweni are focusing on studying only compared to 65 percent of children at Mjini district.
Housing Characteristics
There have been improvements in the materials used in dwelling construction; urban households have the highest proportion of their dwelling constructed with modern material. Micheweni district is leading in terms of houses constructed using natural/traditional materials. More than 84 percent of households own their dwellings; there were no substantial changes in the percentage of households living in owner occupied dwellings during the past 13 years. More households in urban areas are connected to the electricity grid than in rural areas. Paraffin is the more commonly used by households for lighting in rural than in urban areas; use of firewood for cooking is also higher in rural areas. More than 60 percent of the households in Zanzibar report using a toilet; urban households reported higher percentage of using toilet compared to rural households. Micheweni district has the highest percentage of households with no toilet.
Key Findings xvii
Over 80 percent of households have access to piped water or depend on protected sources; urban households have more access to water from piped systems as compared to rural areas. About 78 percent of the households travel less than one kilometre to fetch water; some 22 percent must travel further. Consumer Goods, Productive Assets and Households Productive Activities Ownership of consumer goods is higher in urban than in rural areas, while ownership of agricultural productive assets is higher in rural areas. 84 percent of households in Zanzibar own houses; higher proportion in rural areas (90.4 percent) than urban. Around 85 percent of rural households own hoes and other farming tools. About 60 percent of rural households reported owning a land for agriculture or grazing. On average, household own two acres; rural households own slightly more (1.9 acres) than urban ones (1.7 acres). Although work in agriculture is the largest single economic activity, wage labour is the most important source of cash income and one third of the households reported running a business. There is very limited uptake of banking or other saving facilities, particularly in rural areas. Even participation in informal saving groups is rare amongst rural household. The use of banking and saving needs mobilization and facilitation.
Household Consumption and Expenditure
The average (mean) household monthly expenditure has been estimated at TShs 117,151, with a median expenditure of TShs 95,320. The median is the expenditure value below which half of all the households fall. There are significant variations between urban and rural expenditures. It is estimated that urban household spent 1.7 times as much as their rural counterparts. Average expenditure levels are highest in the most urbanized districts of Mjini and Magharibi in Unguja Island. On the other hand, the lowest average consumption expenditures are found in Micheweni District.The proportion of all expenditure that goes on food is estimated at 58 percent. This compares with about 75 percent observed in the HBS of 1991/92. There hastherefore been a significant shift in the consumption patterns over the past 13 years.
Income Poverty and Inequality
The HBS consumption data was used to derive poverty lines for Zanzibar. Two poverty lines have been computed: a food poverty line and a basic needs poverty line. The food poverty line, which represents the amount of money needed to sustain an adult for a month, is TShs 12,573. This means that on average, an adult in Zanzibar needs almost TShs 450 per day to get food that would provide the 2,200
calories needed per day for his/her body. Adding non-food consumption for items such as clothing, housing, transportation, etc gives a ‘basic needs’ poverty line ofTShs 20,185 per month. Overall, 13 percent of people in Zanzibar live below the food poverty line and about 49 percent of the population cannot meet their daily basic needs. Poverty is more xviii Household Budget Survey – Final Report prevalent in rural areas than in urban areas and is highest in the districts of Wete and Micheweni.
Poverty Profile
The analysis compared very poor, poor and non-poor households to develop a poverty profile. It showed that poverty is apparent among households of all sizes, but larger households are more likely to be poor. Households with heads employed in agricultural activities (namely farming, livestock keeping, and fishing) are also more likely to be poor. The higher the level of education attained by the head of household the lower the risk of poverty; the prevalence of poverty is reduced by about one half for those with above basic education compared to those with no education. A higher poverty risk is observed in rural areas compared to urban centres in all education categories . The proportion of children in school is lower among poorer households, with 71 percent of children aged 7-16 years from the poorest households studying compared to around 87 percent from non poor households. 'Very poor’ individuals were slightly less likely to consult any medical practitioner (80.8 percent) compared to non poor individuals, with about 84.5 percent. About three quarter of the all households rely on piped water as their main source of water supply; there is a significant different between very and non poor households, with 78 percent of no-poor households having a piped water supply compared to 57 percent of the very poor . Less than one half of the ‘very poor’ households have toilet facilities compared to about four-fifths of the non poor households. The distance to key services and facilities does not differ much between poor and non-poor households, however.
Household Income
The HBS collected information on the income of household members over the previous year. It suggested that, surprisingly, only 20 percent of the income of rural households comes from own-farm agriculture, while non-farm self-employment contributes 31 percent. In urban areas, the main sources of income, in terms of share contributed to the total, are cash employment (40 percent), self-employment (26percent) and the value of owner-occupied housing (‘imputed rent’, at 14 percent). Mjini and Magharibi districts have the highest mean per capita incomes and Micheweni district has the lowest income levels.The levels of income earned rise steadily with increasing education in both rural and urban areas. However, income levels are higher for urban earners compared to their rural counterparts with the same education level.The highest per earner incomes are found in Mjini and Magharibi districts, while the lowest are found in Kaskazini ‘A’ and Kusini districts.There is significant difference of income earners by gender; males earn about three times more income than females in both urban and rural areas.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Household and Individual
Version
Version Description
-v2.1: Edited, anonymous dataset for public distribution.
Version Date
2006-02
Scope
Notes
The scope of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey includes:
HOUSEHOLD QUESTINAIRE FORM I
SECTION 2 HOUSEHOLD PARTICULARS
SECTION 3
SECTION 3.1: HOUSING PARTICULARS
SECTION 3.2: HOUSING FACILITIES
SECTION 4 DISTANCE TO SOCIAL-ECONOMIC FACILITIES
SECTION 5 PARCHASE OF DURABLE ITEMS AND OTHER SERVICES
SECTION 6 HOUSEHOLD ASSETS
SECTION 7 FOOD SECURITY
SECTION 8 ANNUAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONAIRE FORM II
SECTION 2 RECORD OF DAILY INCOME EXPENDITURE
SECTION 3 RECORD OF DAILY INCOME
HOUSEHOLD QUESTINAIRE FORM I
SECTION 2 HOUSEHOLD PARTICULARS
SECTION 3
SECTION 3.1: HOUSING PARTICULARS
SECTION 3.2: HOUSING FACILITIES
SECTION 4 DISTANCE TO SOCIAL-ECONOMIC FACILITIES
SECTION 5 PARCHASE OF DURABLE ITEMS AND OTHER SERVICES
SECTION 6 HOUSEHOLD ASSETS
SECTION 7 FOOD SECURITY
SECTION 8 ANNUAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONAIRE FORM II
SECTION 2 RECORD OF DAILY INCOME EXPENDITURE
SECTION 3 RECORD OF DAILY INCOME
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
Zanzibar
urban, rural
Region
District
urban, rural
Region
District
Universe
Private households, usual members residing in the household, expenditure of all household members aged 5+ years.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| The Office of Chief Government Statistician | Ministry of Finance and Planning Zanzibar |
Producers
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Oxford Policy Management (UK) | (Technical assistance in) Data prossesing,analysis and editing of final report | |
| University of Dar es salaam | Ministry of Education, Science and Technology | (Technical assistance in) Desining sample used in the study |
| National Bereau of Statistics | Ministry of Finance and Planing | (Technical assistance in) From preparatory stage to the analysis |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| United National Development Program | (UNDP) | financial support |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Patrick Ward | OPM (UK) | Data prossesing,analysis and editing of final report |
| Dr Adolf Mkenda | University of Dar es salaam | Analysis |
| Dr Godwin Naimani | University of Dar es salaam | Desining sample used in the study |
| Mr. G. Charumbira | OCGS | Analysis |
| Mr. S. Aboud | National Bureau of Statistics | Guiding the survey |
| Mr. Makbel | National Bureau of Statistics | Data processing, analysis and report writing |
| Mayasa M. Mwinyi | OCGS | Guiding the survey |
| Bakar Ali Hamad | OCGS | Guiding the survey |
| Haroub Ali | OCGS | Guiding the survey |
| Mahmoud Salum | OCGS | Guiding the survey |
| Halima Mkanga | OCGS | Guiding the survey |
| Abdalla Othman | OCGS | Data processing |
| Khalid Chum | OCGS | Guiding the survey |
| Mbwana O. Mbwana | OCGS | Report writing |
| Amour H. Bakar | OCGS | Report writing |
| Mashavu K. Omar | OCGS | Report writing |
| Khadija Kh. Hamad | OCGS | Report writing |
| Salum K. Ali | OCGS | Report writing |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The sample for 2004/05 HBS was selected in two stages. The Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) are Enumeration Areas (EAs); based on the district sample of the National Master Sample (NMS) designed from 2002 Population and Housing Census. This is a sample of 531 PSUs, designed to allow estimates of household level variables to be made with reasonable precision for each of ten districts.The sample was stratified by district and urban-rural location.
The second stage sample selection was households. Before the start of HBS enumeration, field staff listed all households in each of the sampled PSUs. Information on the number of socio economic variables were collected for each household during this listing. This was used to stratify households within each PSU into high, medium and low income households. Separate samples were then drawn from each of these groups. To ensure that the analysis was representative, analytical weights were used which were the inverse of each household's selection probability.
The second stage sample selection was households. Before the start of HBS enumeration, field staff listed all households in each of the sampled PSUs. Information on the number of socio economic variables were collected for each household during this listing. This was used to stratify households within each PSU into high, medium and low income households. Separate samples were then drawn from each of these groups. To ensure that the analysis was representative, analytical weights were used which were the inverse of each household's selection probability.
Deviations from the Sample Design
A total of 12,744 households were selected initially. Some 11,605 of these were interviewed (91 percent) and 1,139 households were replacements, drawn from a list supplied to interviewers when a sampled household could not be interviewed. Households that refused were not supposed to be replaced (although the total sample interviewed would suggest zero refusals, which seems unlikely, suggesting that there may have been some deviation from this in the field).
Response Rate
Response rate 99%
Weighting
The weights were calculated as the inverse of the selection probability of each household, which was itself the product of the first and second stage sampling probabilities.The sum of the weights (multiplied by household size) was close to the total projected population of Zanzibar. There were some differences in the estimated populations by stratum however and the weights were adjusted to reflect projected populations. The effect of these adjustments will generally be quite small. The weighted share of the population classed as urban is 39 percent.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2004-05-01 | 2005-04-30 | 12 months |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Supervision
The role of the supervisor was to coordinator field data collection activities, including management of the field teams, supplies and equipment, finances, maps and listings, coordinate with local authorities concerning the survey plan and make arrangements for accommodation and travel. Additionally, the field supervisor assigned the work to the interviewers, spot checked work, maintained field control documents, and sent completed questionnaires and progress reports to the central office.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| Office of Chief Government Statistician | OCGS | Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The survey used two questionnaires HBSQF1, HBSQF2 and two types of diary; similar to that used in the 2000/01 Tanzania Mainland Household Budget Survey. Some country specific indicators were added at the request of data users.
HBSQF1 asked questions on demographic and socio-economic topics such as age, sex marital status, economic activities, health and education. It also asked questions on possession of valuable assets as well as purchases of durable items and the income of the household members over the last 12 months.
HBSQF2 is a summary of all income and consumption expenditure of the household members during the survey month, transferred from individuals’ diaries.
Diary for household expenditure and income is an individual record book. Every day each member of the household who spend money is supposed to record income and expenditure in cash or in kind, quantity and value. The task takes a period of one month for each household. This diary is the main source of data on income and expenditure for this survey.
Diary for household business is a special book for households which have business activity. They are supposed to record daily expenditure and receipt of the busines
The survey used two questionnaires HBSQF1, HBSQF2 and two types of diary; similar to that used in the 2000/01 Tanzania Mainland Household Budget Survey. Some country specific indicators were added at the request of data users.
HBSQF1 asked questions on demographic and socio-economic topics such as age, sex marital status, economic activities, health and education. It also asked questions on possession of valuable assets as well as purchases of durable items and the income of the household members over the last 12 months.
HBSQF2 is a summary of all income and consumption expenditure of the household members during the survey month, transferred from individuals’ diaries.
Diary for household expenditure and income is an individual record book. Every day each member of the household who spend money is supposed to record income and expenditure in cash or in kind, quantity and value. The task takes a period of one month for each household. This diary is the main source of data on income and expenditure for this survey.
Diary for household business is a special book for households which have business activity. They are supposed to record daily expenditure and receipt of the busines
Data Processing
Data Editing
An automated data consistency checking procedure using CSPro and SPSS packages was run on the entered data during field work. A data validation team was informed of the errors and corrected them where possible. Initially data validation was terminated in August 2005. Further consistency checks, validation and the analysis started in January 2006 and were completed in June 2006.
Other Processing
Data entry was done by using CSPro programme. It started in June 2004, went in parallel with fieldwork and was terminated in June 2005.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
Appendix E shows standard errors and confidence intervals around a number of estimates calculated in SPSS. While SPSS allows the specification of sample design in the calculation of sampling errors, it is not possible to specify fully the complexity of the design. The confidence intervals are therefore approximate.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Head of Data Management | The Office of Chief Government Statistician | abdullah.makame@ocgs.tz | www.ocgs.go.tz |
Confidentiality
Confidentiality: Confidentiality of respondent guaranteed under Statistical Act No. 9 of 2007
The Chief Government Statistician may disclose information in the form of
individual statistical records solely for bona fide research or statistical
purposes provided that:-
(a) all identification such as name and address has been removed;
(b) the information is disclosed in a manner that is not likely to enable the identification of the particular person or undertaking or business to which it relates.
Access conditions
- Public use files, accessible to all
Citation requirements
"The Office of Chief Government Statistcian, 2004/2005 Household Budget Survey,Version 2.1 of the public use dataset (July 2006), provided by the National Data Archive. www.ocgs.go.tz"
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chief Government Statistician | The Office of Chief Government Statistician (OCGS) | zanstat@ocgs.go.tz | www.ocgs.go.tz |
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Copyright
(c) 2023, The Office of Chief Government Statistician
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI-TZA-2004-HBS-v01-M-OCGS
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Office of Chief Government Statistician | OCGS | Ministry of Finance and Planning Zanzibar | Documentation of the study |
Date of Metadata Production
2023-09-19
DDI Document version
Version 01